Is Primary Total Elbow Arthroplasty Safe for the Treatment of Open Intraarticular Distal Humerus Fractures?
Michael S. Linn, MD, Michael J. Gardner, MD, Christopher M. McAndrew, MD, Bethany Gallagher, MD, and William M. Ricci, MDElbow
Objectives
Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is a viable treatment for elderly patients with distal humerus fracture who frequently present with low grade open fractures. This purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of a protocol of serial I&D’s followed by primary TEA for the treatment of open intraarticular distal humerus fractures.
Methods
Seven patients (mean 74 years (range 56 – 86 years) with open (2 Grade I, 5 Grade 2) distal humerus fractures (OTA 13C) were treated between 2001 and 2007 with a standard staged protocol that included TEA were studied. Baseline DASH scores were obtained during the initial hospitalization, 6 and 12 month follow-up visits. Elbow ROM measurements were obtained at each follow-up visit.
Results
Follow-up averaged 43 (range 4–138) months. There were no wound complications and no deep infections. Complications included one case of heterotopic ossification with joint contracture, one olecranon fracture unrelated to the TEA, and two loose humeral stems. Average final ROM was from 21° (range 5°–30°) to 113° flexion (range 90°–130°). DASH scores averaged 25 at pre-injury baseline and 48 at the most recent follow-up visits.
Conclusions
TEA has become a mainstream option for the treatment of distal humerus fractures which are on occasion open. There is hesitation in using arthroplasty in an open fracture setting due to potential increased infection risk. The absence of any infectious complications and satisfactory functional outcomes observed in the current series indicates that TEA is a viable treatment modality for complex open fractures of the distal humerus.
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